Marks & Spencer

Marks & Spencer was founded by Michael Marks and Thomas Spencer in 1894 with the opening of their first store in Manchester. The original company name and the name of the brand that clothes and food were sold under was St. Michael. They were famous for selling products that were made in Britain only and developed many long-term partnerships with several manufacturers and suppliers. Food and clothes were the items that the company's product portfolio consisted of. 1974 was the year that Asian food, a staple of today's British shopping basket, had been introduced to the stores. Several stores on mainland Europe were opened the following year. By the end of 1979 Marks and Spencer had opened their first stores in Ireland. Their products were considered as good value for money and their policy of treating all customers with professionalism made M&S a customer favorite. Part of their customer-friendly policies was their returns guarantee which offered customers a full refund on any purchase as long as they could provide a receipt. This policy applied to all clothes and was regardless of the original sale date. Marks and Spencer have sold specialty foods for the christmas season since the late 1950 but at some point during the 1970 their customers fell out of love with the sweet dessert offerings by M&S. They hired a food specialist in order to bring the sweet range right back on track which was achieved successfully. In the 1960 the company opened their first outlet in Kabul in Afghanistan. This shop had been closed only a few years later. Marks and Spencer tried to venture into the Canadian market in the 1970. But with a reputation of selling old-fashioned clothes for the elderly people only, the stores did not make any profit. All stores in Canada had been closed by the end of the year 1999. In 2001 Per Una, a clothes collection for women, was launched. 2008 saw the opening of the company's first store in China. The store in Shanghai had a troubled start when food supplies were delayed. Marks and Spencer eventually started selling their own-brand perfumes and body care products. Florentyna, a fragrance composed of jasmine, gardenia and musk is one of the bestsellers. Per Una, a casual scent, features notes of magnolia, jasmine, rose, freesia, woods, heliotrope and patchouli. Recent launches from 2010 include the floral-fruity compositions Butterfly, Midnight Butterfly and Hello Kitty! London. Designer Marks & Spencer has 83 perfumes in our fragrance base. Marks & Spencer is a new fragrance brand. The earliest edition was created in 2010 and the newest is from 2024. The nose who worked on the fragrances is Ralf Schwieger.